Đọc đoạn văn dưới đây một cách cẩn thận. Sau khi đọc hãy trả lời các câu hỏi theo sau. Hãy nhớ bạn sẽ được yêu cầu nhận biết không chỉ ý chính tổng quát mà còn ý chính của các đoạn riêng biệt.
Bicycles
(1) Today, bicycles are so common that it’s hard to believe they haven’t always been around. (2) But two hundred years ago, bicycles didn’t even exist, and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our bicycles today. (3) It was made of wood and didn’t even have pedals. (4) Since then, however, numerous innovations and improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around the world.
(5) In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, dramatically improved upon the original bicycle design. (6) Macmillan’s machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. (7) He also used foot-operated cranks similar to pedals so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. (8) It didn’t look much like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front weel. (9) In 1861, the French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism.
(10) Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. (11) He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. (12) Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment.
(13) It wasn’t until 1984 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (14) Invented by another Englishman, H.J. Lawson, the “safety bicycle” would look familiar to today’s cyclists. (15) This bicycle had equal sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling over. (16) Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. (17) With these improvements, the bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation. (18) Today they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.
1) What is the subject of this passage?
a/ kinds of bicycles
b/ the history of bicycles
c/ how to ride a bicycle
d/ bicycle safety
2) The main idea of this passage is best expressed in which sentence?
a/ Sentence (1): Today, bicycles are so common that it’s hard to believe they haven’t always been around.
b/ Sentence (13): It wasn’t until 1984 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene.
c/ Sentence (4): Since then, however, numerous innovations and improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around the world.
d/ Sentence (18): Today they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.
3) Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
a/ Bicycles are Better
b/ A Ride through the History of Bicycles
c/ Cycle Your Way to Fitness
d/ The Popularity of Bicycles
4) Which sentence best expresses the main idea of paragraph 2?
a/ Macmillan was a great inventor.
b/ Macmillan’s bike didn’t look much like our modern bikes.
c/ Macmillan’s bike could be ridden quickly.
d/ Macmillan made important changes in bicycle design.
5) What is the author’s main purpose in paragraph 4?
a/ To show how Lawson’s improvements made bicycles popular.
b/ To show how innovative Lawson’s design was.
c/ To show how dramatically bicycle designs have changed.
d/ To show why bicycles are so popular today.
[nextpage title=”Xem đáp án”]
ĐÁP ÁN
| 1. b | 2. c | 3. b | 4. d |
5. a |
